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Criteo SA is an ad-tech company in the digital advertising market. Its technology, allows retailer advertisers to launch multichannel and cross-device marketing campaigns in real time. With real-time return on investment analysis of the ads, the firm's clients can adjust their marketing strategies dynamically. It has two reportable segments: Retail Media and Performance Media. The firm also provides technology allowing retailers to effectively manage their ad inventories and improve yield optimization.

Mars, Incorporated is a privately held American multinational company founded in 1911 by Frank C. Mars. Headquartered in McLean, Virginia, it specializes in confectionery, pet food, food products, and animal care services. The company is entirely owned by the Mars family and ranks as the fourth-largest privately held company in the U.S., with annual sales of $45 billion and over 130,000 employees across more than 80 countries. Mars operates in five main segments: confectionery, petcare, food, drinks, and symbioscience. Its well-known brands include M&M's, Snickers, Mars bar, Milky Way, Pedigree, Whiskas, and Uncle Ben’s rice. The company has a strong global presence, manufacturing in over 100 countries and maintaining key facilities in the U.S., UK, Netherlands, France, and Germany. Mars is committed to innovation and research, contributing to advancements in areas like cocoa flavanols and veterinary services.

Walmart serves as a leading retailer in the United States, with its strategy predicated on superior operating efficiency and offering the lowest priced goods to consumers to drive robust store traffic and product turnover. Walmart augmented its low-price business strategy by offering a convenient one-stop shopping destination with the opening of its first supercenter in 1988.Today, Walmart operates over 4,600 stores in the United States (5,200 including Sam's Club) and over 10,000 locations globally. Walmart generated over $460 billion in domestic namesake sales in fiscal 2025, with Sam's Club contributing another $90 billion to the company's top line. Internationally,more